Strategies for the construction of supramolecular assemblies from poly-NHC ligand precursors

超分子化学 金属转移 卡宾 纳米技术 组合化学 催化作用 化学 材料科学 配体(生物化学) 分子 有机化学 生物化学 受体
作者
Yang Li,Jiangang Yu,Lili Ma,Man Li,Yuan‐Yuan An,Ying‐Feng Han
出处
期刊:Science China-chemistry [Springer Nature]
卷期号:64 (5): 701-718 被引量:46
标识
DOI:10.1007/s11426-020-9937-4
摘要

The field of supramolecular assemblies has developed rapidly in the last few decades, thanks in a large part to their diverse applications. These assemblies have been mostly based on Werner-type coordination motifs in which metal centres are coordinated by nitrogen or oxygen donors. Recently, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have been employed as carbon donors not only because of their appealing structures but also due to the extensive applications in catalysis, biomedicine and material science of the resulting assemblies. During the last decade, NHC-based supramolecular assemblies have witnessed rapid growth and extensive application in molecular recognition, luminescent materials and catalysis. For different topological systems, a diverse selection of poly-NHC precursors and synthetic strategies is crucial to precisely control the synthesis of supramolecular architectures. Several synthetic strategies have been developed to synthesise two-dimensional (2D) molecular metallacycles and three-dimensional (3D) metallacages from a wide range of poly-NHC precursors, including a straightforward one-pot strategy, supramolecular transmetalation, stepwise synthesis, an improved one-pot strategy involving self-sorting behaviour of 3D metallacages and a subtle variation strategy of poly-NHC ligand precursors. This review offers a summary of the synthetic strategies applied for the construction of different poly-NHC-based supramolecular assemblies, particularly emphasizes recent progress in the synthesis of large and complex supramolecular assemblies from poly-NHC precursors, and further attention is given to their application in postsynthetic modifications (PSMs), host-guest chemistry, luminescent properties and biomedical applications.
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