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Hearing Loss and Incident Dementia: Claims Data From the New York SPARCS Database

医学 痴呆 危险系数 入射(几何) 置信区间 回顾性队列研究 比例危险模型 人口 队列研究 罗切斯特流行病学项目 内科学 流行病学 数据库 儿科 疾病 基于人群的研究 物理 环境卫生 计算机科学 光学
作者
Alexander Chern,Rahul K. Sharma,Justin S. Golub
出处
期刊:Otology & Neurotology [Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
卷期号:43 (1): 36-41 被引量:13
标识
DOI:10.1097/mao.0000000000003338
摘要

Objective: Age-related hearing loss (HL) may be a risk factor for incident dementia. The objective was to use population-based claims data from the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) to establish if HL is associated with incident dementia. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Comprehensive all-payer data reporting system (2007–2017). Patients: Two hundred six thousand eight hundred one subjects more than 60 years (56,523 with HL, random sample of 150,278 without HL). Interventions: None. Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome was incident dementia, measured by initial dementia diagnosis (ICD-9/ICD-10 code) associated with a patient visit/insurance claim. The main exposure was HL, measured by at least two separate HL diagnoses associated with claims before dementia diagnosis. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to examine the relationship of baseline HL with incident dementia, adjusting for age, sex, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and smoking. Results: Dementia incidence rates per 1,000 person-years were 10.16 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 9.81–10.51; subjects with HL) and 5.43 (5.28–5.57; subjects without HL). Fewer (2–10) HL claims (n = 56,523), compared with no (0) HL claims, was associated with 1.10 (95% CI = 1.05–1.15, p < 0.001) times the hazard of incident dementia, adjusting for covariates. Greater (>10) HL claims (n = 3,414), compared with no (0) HL claims, was associated with 1.63 (95% CI = 1.42, 1.86, p < 0.001) times the hazard of incident dementia, adjusting for covariates. Conclusions: HL diagnosis was associated with increased risk of incident dementia based on a comprehensive all-payer data reporting system. Individuals with a more established diagnosis of HL (more HL claims) demonstrated an increased hazard ratio.

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