环境科学
农业
肥料
温室气体
牲畜
保护性农业
农业生产力
粪便管理
自然资源经济学
农业经济学
农学
经济
地理
林业
生物
生态学
考古
作者
Peng Xu,Geng Li,Benjamin Z. Houlton,Lin Ma,Dong Ai,Lei Zhu,Bo Luan,Shengqiang Zhai,Shiyao Hu,Anping Chen,Yi Zheng
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.1c07518
摘要
There is an increasing food demand with growing population and limited land for agriculture. Conventional agriculture with nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications, however, is a key source of ammonia (NH3) emissions that cause severe haze pollution and impair human health. Organic and conservation agricultural (OCA) practices are thereby recommended to address these dual challenges; however, whether OCA provides cobenefits for both air quality and crop productivity is controversial. Here, we perform a meta-analysis and machine learning algorithm with data from China, a global hotspot for agricultural NH3 emissions, to quantify the effects of OCA on NH3 emissions, crop yields and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). We find that the effects of OCA depend on soil and climate conditions, and the 40-60% substitution of synthetic fertilizers with livestock manure achieves the maximum cobenefits of enhanced crop production and reduced NH3 emissions. Model forecasts further suggest that the appropriate application of livestock manure, straw return, and no-till could increase grain production up to 59.7 million metric tons (100% of straw return) and reduce maximum US$2.7 billion (60% substitution with livestock manure) in damage costs to human health from NH3 emissions by 2030. Our findings provide data-driven pathways and options for achieving multiple sustainable development goals and improving food systems and air quality in China.
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