Simultaneous bottom-up double-layer synergistic optimization by multifunctional fused-ring acceptor with electron-deficient core for stable planar perovskite solar cells with approaching 24% efficiency

钝化 材料科学 钙钛矿(结构) 能量转换效率 成核 化学工程 光电子学 图层(电子) 结晶 接受者 平面的 异质结 纳米技术 化学 有机化学 计算机科学 工程类 计算机图形学(图像) 物理 凝聚态物理
作者
Bin Liu,Yuqi Wang,Yanjie Wu,Zhongqi Liu,Shuhang Bian,Yuhong Zhang,Le Liu,Xinmeng Zhuang,Shuainan Liu,Zhichong Shi,Xue Bai,Lin Xu,Donglei Zhou,Biao Dong,Hongwei Song
出处
期刊:Nano Energy [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:99: 107368-107368 被引量:7
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107368
摘要

The interface defects and energy barrier between perovskite and electron transport layer (ETL) severely hinder the further improvement of the efficiency and stability of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Therefore, there is an urgent desire to develop multifunctional interface modulators to manage the interface between perovskite and ETL. Here, a multifunctional bottom-up double-layer interface modulation strategy is developed, that is, 2,2′-[[12,13-Bis(2-butyloctyl)− 12,13-dihydro-3,9-dinonylbisthieno[2'',3'':4′,5′]thieno[2′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-e:2′,3′-g][2,1,3]benzothiadiazole-2,10-diyl]bis[methylidyne(5,6-chloro-3-oxo-1 H-indene-2,1(3 H)-diylidene)]]bis[propanedinitrile] (BTP-eC9) is combined in the SnO2/perovskite interface to achieve high efficiency and outstanding stability of PSCs. The BTP-eC9 can effectively prevent the detrimental contact between the FTO and perovskite and construct two electron transport paths by formatting the cascade energy level structure, which can eliminate the probability of carrier recombination and improve the interfacial carrier transfer. Chemically, BTP-eC9 can not only passivate the uncoordinated Sn ions, showing high conductivity and large photo-generated carrier transmission efficiency, but also can effectively passivate the underlying perovskite defects through a spontaneous bottom-up passivation process and improve the nucleation and crystallization kinetics of perovskite films. Based on the above efficient synergy, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 23.10% was obtained and it retains 90% of its original PCE after 8000 h in the ambient atmosphere without any encapsulation by the two-step method. In addition, the champion PCE of 23.75% with ultrahigh open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.25 V was achieved by the one-step method and this VOC is the highest value of a perovskite film with a band gap of approximately 1.60 eV, demonstrating the effectiveness and universality of this strategy. This research guides design methods of the ETL to raise the PCE of PSCs by interfacial engineering.
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