Mechanically Reinforced Rigid Polyimide Foam via Chemically Grafting Isocyanate Acid for Ultrabroad Band Microwave Absorption

材料科学 聚酰亚胺 复合材料 抗压强度 异氰酸酯 多孔性 吸水率 微波食品加热 碳纳米管 吸收(声学) 聚氨酯 图层(电子) 量子力学 物理
作者
Nan Li,Jun-Feng Shi,Kangkang Zou,Yueyi Wang,Ding‐Xiang Yan
出处
期刊:ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:15 (21): 25990-25999 被引量:15
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.3c03550
摘要

Polyimide (PI) foam with excellent microwave absorption (MA) performance and desirable compressive strength is highly critical and in demand in the structural MA components. Although the satisfactory MA performance of the present PI-based MA foams has been achieved by employing diverse methods, the relatively low compressive strength (∼KPa) restricted them from use as structural MA foams in practical application. Herein, isocyanate acid was introduced to the backbone of PI resin, which not only increased the PI backbone polarity and strength as rigid chain segment, but also served as a self-foaming component. The porous structure of PI foams was readily regulated by adjusting the water and carbon nanotube (CNT) filler contents of precursor dispersion. As a result of the improved polarity of the PI backbone resulted from the isocyanate group and high dielectric loss of CNT, the high compressive strength of 7.04 MPa and impressive MA property of the resultant PI foam with a low CNT loading ratio of 1.5 wt % were achieved, which were much higher than those reported previously. Especially, the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) (RL < -10 dB) was up to 10.7 GHz (at the thickness of 3 mm), covering the C, X, and Ku bands simultaneously. Meanwhile, the EAB of the as-prepared PI foam retained 9.3 and 9.7 GHz even after being subjected to liquid nitrogen (-196 °C) and high temperature (300 °C) treatments due to the desirable stability of PI. In addition, the excellent thermal insulation resulted from the pores structure and low filler content was achieved, where the top surface only presented 60 °C after placing on 300 °C platform for 30 min. The high compressive strength, impressive MA property, and thermal insulation endowed the resultant CNT/PI foam with great potential application as structural MA foam in a harsh service environment.
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