Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes: A new hope

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be massively expanded from resected tumors and used as a cellular treatment for advanced malignancies. TILs require a preparative non-myeloablative chemotherapy followed by an abbreviated course of interleukin-2. Here, we review the historical development of TIL therapy and discuss potential solutions to ongoing roadblocks that may result in broader and improved efficacy for patients afflicted with treatment-refractory, advanced cancer.