Stretchable, Adhesive, and Bioinspired Visual Electronic Skin with Strain/Temperature/Pressure Multimodal Non-Interference Sensing

It is highly desirable to construct a single-multimodal sensor that could synchronously perceive multiple stimuli without interference. Here, we propose an adhesive multifunctional chromotropic electronic skin (MCES) that can respond to and distinguish three different stimuli of stain, temperature, and pressure within the two-terminal sensing unit. The mutually discriminating "three-in-one" device converts strain into capacitance and pressure into voltage signals for a tactile stimulus response and produces visual color changes against temperature. In this MCES system, the interdigital capacitor sensor shows high linearity (R2 = 0.998), and temperature sensing is realized via reversible multicolor switching bioinspired by the chameleon, showing attractive potential in visualization interaction. Notably, the energy-harvesting triboelectric nanogenerator in MCES can not only detect pressure incentive but also identify objective material species. Looking forward, these findings promise for multimodal sensor technology with reduced complexity and production costs that are highly anticipated in soft robotics, prosthetics, and human-machine interaction applications.