Dipole Molecule-Mediated Modulating Residual PbI2 Clusters in Two-Step-Processing Inverted Perovskite Photovoltaics

. Through a synergistic approach combining experimental precision with theoretical rigor, we gained profound insights into the enhancement of crystal quality and the effective suppression of defects. The predeposition of the dipole molecule has yielded a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 24.62% in two-step-processing inverted perovskite photovoltaics and significantly improved the stability under continuous illumination.