Pattern recognition receptors and the innate immune network

This chapter discusses the pivotal role of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the innate immune network. It first introduces the major PRR families that are expressed by human cells. Then, it will highlight the importance of PRR-mediated signaling during homeostasis and inflammation. Important cytokines and chemokines that are involved in these states will also be discussed. PRRs are, similar to other immune system components, subject to evasion strategies employed by pathogens. In the final part of this chapter, PRR evasion strategies of the main pathogenic agents (i.e., viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi) are described that highlighting the diversity of PRR evasion strategies. Furthermore, the therapeutic potency of PRR evasion strategies is discussed. A conclusion at the end encapsulates the main messages of the chapter.