Enhancing the spatial resolution of light-field displays without losing angular resolution by a computational subpixel realignment

Low spatial resolution is an urgent problem in integral imaging light-field displays (LFDs). This study proposes a computational method to enhance the spatial resolution without losing angular resolution. How rays reconstruct voxels through lenslets is changed so that every ray through a lenslet merely provides a subpixel. The three subpixels of a pixel no longer form one voxel but three independent voxels. We further demonstrate imperfect integration of subpixels, called the sampling error, can be eliminated on specific image depths, including the central depth plane. By realigning subpixels in the above manner under no sampling error, the sampling rate of voxels is three times the conventional pixel-based LFDs. Moreover, the ray number of every voxel is preserved for an unaffected angular resolution. With unavoidable component alignment errors, resolution gains of 2.52 and 2.0 are verified in simulation and experiment by computationally updating the elemental image array. The proposed computational method further reveals that LFDs intrinsically have a higher space-bandwidth product than presumed.