乙烯醇
纳米复合材料
动态光散射
木质素
材料科学
分散性
聚合物
纳米颗粒
化学工程
复合材料
水溶液
极限抗拉强度
超声
热稳定性
溶剂
高分子化学
纳米技术
化学
有机化学
工程类
作者
Dylan D. Edmundson,Richard Gustafson,Anthony B. Dichiara
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127487
摘要
Lignin is a common and abundant byproduct of the pulp and paper industry and is generally burned to produce steam. Opportunities exist to acquire greater value from lignin by leveraging the properties of this highly conjugated biomacromolecule for applications in UV absorption and polymer reinforcement. These applications can be commercialized by producing value-added lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) using a scalable sonochemical process. In the present research, monodisperse LNPs have been synthesized by subjecting aqueous dispersions of alkali lignin to acoustic irradiation. The resulting particle size distribution and colloidal stability, as determined by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential analysis, of LNPs can be adjusted by varying the solution pH and ultrasonication energy. As-synthesized LNPs with a mean diameter of 204 nm were incorporated into poly (vinyl) alcohol (PVA) to prepare thin and flexible nanocomposite films using a simple solvent casting method. The addition of 2.5 wt% LNP increased the material's Sun Protection Factor up to 26 compared to 0 for neat PVA, while maintaining light transmission above 75 % in the visible spectra. In addition, the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the PVA nanocomposites improved by 47 % and 36 %, respectively. The presence of LNP also enhanced the thermal stability of the materials. Significantly, the proposed sonochemical process may be generally applicable to the synthesis of a range of naturally-derived LNPs for a variety of value-added applications.
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