流出
铜绿假单胞菌
抗生素
孔蛋白
微生物学
抗生素耐药性
生物
下调和上调
多重耐药
细菌
信号转导
细胞生物学
基因
细菌外膜
生物化学
遗传学
大肠杆菌
作者
Wei Wu,Jiahui Huang,Zeling Xu
标识
DOI:10.1111/1751-7915.14487
摘要
Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a notorious multidrug‐resistant pathogen that poses a serious and growing threat to the worldwide public health. The expression of resistance determinants is exquisitely modulated by the abundant regulatory proteins and the intricate signal sensing and transduction systems in this pathogen. Downregulation of antibiotic influx porin proteins and upregulation of antibiotic efflux pump systems owing to mutational changes in their regulators or the presence of distinct inducing molecular signals represent two of the most efficient mechanisms that restrict intracellular antibiotic accumulation and enable P. aeruginosa to resist multiple antibiotics. Treatment of P. aeruginosa infections is extremely challenging due to the highly inducible mechanism of antibiotic resistance. This review comprehensively summarizes the regulatory networks of the major porin proteins (OprD and OprH) and efflux pumps (MexAB‐OprM, MexCD‐OprJ, MexEF‐OprN, and MexXY) that play critical roles in antibiotic influx and efflux in P. aeruginosa . It also discusses promising therapeutic approaches using safe and efficient adjuvants to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics to combat multidrug‐resistant P. aeruginosa by controlling the expression levels of porins and efflux pumps. This review not only highlights the complexity of the regulatory network that induces antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa but also provides important therapeutic implications in targeting the inducible mechanism of resistance.
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