Low-Cytotoxic Core–Sheath ZnO NWs@TiO2–xNy Triggered Piezo-photocatalytic Antibacterial Activity

材料科学 光催化 生物相容性 抗菌活性 纳米技术 细胞毒性 复合数 纳米材料 复合材料 化学 有机化学 催化作用 冶金 生物化学 生物 细菌 体外 遗传学
作者
Shanhong Guo,Guoqiang Shu,Hongjie Luo,Kuang Xia,Lirong Zheng,Chao Wang,Changan Zhou,Lei Song,Kui Ma,Hairong Yue
出处
期刊:ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:16 (19): 24410-24420 被引量:12
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.4c04500
摘要

Sonophotodynamic antimicrobial therapy (SPDAT) is recognized as a highly efficient biomedical treatment option, known for its versatility and remarkable healing outcomes. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of sonophotosensitizers that demonstrate both low cytotoxicity and exceptional antibacterial effectiveness in clinical applications. In this paper, a novel ZnO nanowires (NWs)@TiO2–xNy core–sheath composite was developed, which integrates the piezoelectric effect and heterojunction to build dual built-in electric fields. Remarkably, it showed superb antibacterial effectiveness (achieving 95% within 60 min against S. aureus and ∼100% within 40 min against E. coli, respectively) when exposed to visible light and ultrasound. Due to the continuous interference caused by light and ultrasound, the material's electrostatic equilibrium gets disrupted. The modification in electrical properties facilitates the composite's ability to attract bacterial cells through electrostatic forces. Moreover, Zn–O–Ti and Zn–N–Ti bonds formed at the interface of ZnO NWs@TiO2–xNy, further enhancing the dual internal electric fields to accelerate the excited carrier separation to generate more reactive oxygen species (ROS), and thereby boosting the antimicrobial performance. In addition, the TiO2 layer limited Zn2+ dissolution into solution, leading to good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. Lastly, we suggest a mechanistic model to offer practical direction for the future development of antibacterial agents that are both low in toxicity and high in efficacy. In comparison to the traditional photodynamic therapy systems, ZnO NWs@TiO2–xNy composites exhibit super piezo-photocatalytic antibacterial activity with low toxicity, which shows great potential for clinical application as an antibacterial nanomaterial.
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