[Annual updates of pulmonary infectious diseases in 2023].

In 2023, a range of pulmonary infectious diseases remain a significant public health concern. Meanwhile, the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, rising tuberculosis cases with lagging control measures, and increased susceptibility to fungal pneumonia after viral infections, have complicated the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases. Despite these challenges, the year saw several significant research achievements in this field. Key advances include a deeper understanding of disease pathogenesis, improvements in pathogen detection technologies, the development of innovative antiviral and antibacterial drugs, progress in vaccine research, and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation methods. This review provided a concise summary of these key findings in 2023, with the aim of providing insights for future research and healthcare initiatives.