Adsorption of pharmaceuticals from water using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), MOF-derived carbons, covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), COF-derived carbons: Comparison of the four adsorbents

In this work, the preparation, functionalization, and properties (including strong and weak points) of four highly studied (in recent days) porous materials like metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), MOF-derived carbons, covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), and COF-derived carbons are analyzed. Next, the progress on the adsorption of pharmaceuticals like sulfamethoxazole, diclofenac, and carbamazepine (that are the top three most frequently observed pharmaceuticals in water) over the four adsorbents is also analyzed in order to understand the competitiveness of the adsorbents and possible applications. After a summary of the work, the next potential research or future perspectives are suggested.