Optimal sizing for wind-photovoltaic-hydrogen storage integrated energy system under intuitionistic fuzzy environment

As the primary consideration, sizing optimization has great impact on wind-photovoltaic-hydrogen storage integrated energy system (WPHIES) construction. However, few studies on sizing optimization consider the characteristics of renewables coupled with hydrogen storage, or discuss decision-making fuzziness. Therefore, a three-objective mixed integer linear programming model for WPHIES sizing is proposed under intuitionistic fuzzy environment. Based on the concept of Energy Trilemma, indexes of the annual comprehensive cost, the annual carbon emission and the external electricity dependence are selected as the optimization objectives. Next, considering that exact numerical evaluation cannot well reflect the uncertainty of decision-making preferences, the intuitionistic fuzzy number is introduced to determine index weights so as to improve the accuracy of decision-making. At last, a case study including comparison, sensitivity and scenario analyses is carried out. Compared with traditional integrated energy system, WPHIES can achieve 15% annual comprehensive cost, 26% annual carbon emission and 84% external electricity dependence of reduction. Furthermore, great priority should be given to photovoltaic so as to promote renewable energy development. This research can not only provide great reference for scholar to explore issues of WPHIES sizing optimization, but also help WPHIES investors or managers efficiently and scientifically arrive at optimal sizing schemes.