A molecularly imprinted nanoreactor based on biomimetic mineralization of bi-enzymes for specific detection of urea and its analogues

纳米反应器 尿素酶 化学 分子印迹聚合物 尿素 组合化学 人工酶 甲酰胺 聚合 选择性 生物催化 聚合物 催化作用 有机化学 反应机理
作者
Yujun Cheng,Tao Chen,Donglei Fu,Jingquan Liu
出处
期刊:Sensors and Actuators B-chemical [Elsevier]
卷期号:350: 130909-130909 被引量:16
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2021.130909
摘要

Biological enzymes have been frequently used as sensing probes due to their fast catalytic rate and high selectivity. However, the specificities of biological enzymes are not absolute, which greatly limits the applications of biological enzymes in highly selective detection. For instance, it is found that urease cannot discern urea among its analogs such as hydroxyurea, formamide and acetamide. Herein, a bifunctional nanoreactor with outstanding urease activity and peroxidase-like activity is constructed by embedding urease (Ur) and bovine hemoglobin (BHb) in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) through biomimetic mineralization. Then, hydrogen peroxide can be catalyzed by the nanoreactor to produce hydroxyl radicals, which enable the formation of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) on the surface of nanoreactors by self-initiated polymerization under mild conditions. Impressively, the prepared colorimetric sensing platform shows a wide linear range of 0.08–20.00 mM and a low detection limit of 0.02 mM in urea detection. The interference experiment proves that the sensing results of nanoreactors are not affected by the urea analogs and interfering substances in sewage and body fluids basically. Moreover, the nanoreactor exhibits excellent cyclic and long-term stability in the 35 days of stability tests. This strategy can not only greatly enhance the selectivity of enzymes, but also greatly improve the utilization rate and reduce the cost of biological enzymes.
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