Targets and underlying mechanisms related to the sedative and hypnotic activities of saponins from Rhodiola rosea L. (crassulaceae)

HJT-I and HJT-II exert sedative–hypnotic effects by modulating the 5-HTergic, GABA A ergic and immune systems in PCPA-induced rats. HJT-II with a higher saponin content was more effective.