Earthworms as colonizers of natural and cultivated soil environments

生物扩散 生态学 殖民地化 生态演替 生态系统 种间竞争 生物 生态系统工程师 土壤生物学 蚓科 限制 人口 蚯蚓 土壤水分 机械工程 人口学 社会学 工程类
作者
H.J.P. Eijsackers
出处
期刊:Applied Soil Ecology [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:50: 1-13 被引量:95
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.07.008
摘要

For cultivated soils, the important function of earthworms as ecosystem engineers and their major contribution to the composition and functioning of soil ecosystems with a varying species diversity has been extensively addressed. However, the role of earthworms as colonizers of virgin, uncultivated soil in the process of soil formation has been little researched and long underrated. To better understand this role, the following questions need to be considered: (1) what makes an early colonizer successful, what are its characteristics, and which species are the most successful and under what circumstances are they successful?; (2) what are the limiting factors in these colonization processes with respect to environmental conditions and also to interspecific interactions?; (3) what do earthworms contribute to the further colonization by other soil animals?; and (4) how do they impact the soil itself and what could therefore be the consequences for soil management and restoration? These questions have recently been addressed from the perspective of new (or 'alien') earthworm species invading ecosystems, suggesting a massive influx of species, competitive to the originally present fauna. This idea is, however, contrary to colonization, which suggests a gradual exploration of a previously uninhabited area. Unlike recent research, this review approaches colonization primarily as a spatial dispersal process and part of natural succession processes, and is mainly illustrated with examples of Palearctic species, either in Europe or introduced elsewhere. To begin, the various stages of colonization: dispersal, establishment, population growth and interspecies relations are analysed. Next, the colonization processes, the possible limiting environmental factors and the sequence of the appearance and establishment of species are described. Dispersal rates and sequences of colonization by different earthworm species are given for different soil ecosystems. For colonization, limiting environmental factors such as pH, soil type and heavy metal contents as well as the presence of organic matter seem to play a more important role than inherent ecological characteristics like r/K selection. Finally, the role of earthworms in the early colonization of soils that are earthworm-free because of non-cosmopolitan distribution, drained former sea bottom, permanently water-logged soils or anaerobic, acid peaty soils are reviewed. If we understand the role of earthworms in succession, we will be able to improve their role in soil restoration and soil management.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
科研达人发布了新的文献求助30
2秒前
RogerCqz完成签到 ,获得积分10
3秒前
4秒前
jiang发布了新的文献求助10
4秒前
圆锥香蕉应助科研通管家采纳,获得20
5秒前
怕黑半仙应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
5秒前
5秒前
圆锥香蕉应助科研通管家采纳,获得20
5秒前
科研通AI5应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
5秒前
5秒前
领导范儿应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
5秒前
6秒前
6秒前
Cml完成签到,获得积分10
7秒前
Liufgui应助牛文文采纳,获得10
8秒前
chun发布了新的文献求助10
9秒前
YI应助南兮采纳,获得10
9秒前
orixero应助颜云尔采纳,获得10
10秒前
anna发布了新的文献求助10
10秒前
YWang发布了新的文献求助10
13秒前
13秒前
NiNi完成签到,获得积分10
15秒前
悦耳寒松发布了新的文献求助10
15秒前
sijing发布了新的文献求助10
16秒前
7777完成签到,获得积分10
16秒前
求求了,让孩子毕业吧完成签到,获得积分10
17秒前
17秒前
20秒前
我是老大应助LiuJinhui采纳,获得10
21秒前
24秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
24秒前
清久完成签到,获得积分10
25秒前
牛马码字员完成签到,获得积分10
25秒前
橙果果发布了新的文献求助20
26秒前
所所应助11采纳,获得10
26秒前
tt大耳朵完成签到,获得积分10
27秒前
27秒前
28秒前
枫之林发布了新的文献求助10
28秒前
辛俊辰发布了新的文献求助10
28秒前
高分求助中
A new approach to the extrapolation of accelerated life test data 1000
ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 12th edition 500
‘Unruly’ Children: Historical Fieldnotes and Learning Morality in a Taiwan Village (New Departures in Anthropology) 400
Indomethacinのヒトにおける経皮吸収 400
Phylogenetic study of the order Polydesmida (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) 370
基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术泄漏气体检测系统的研究 350
Robot-supported joining of reinforcement textiles with one-sided sewing heads 320
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3989069
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3531351
关于积分的说明 11253589
捐赠科研通 3269939
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1804851
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 882074
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 809073