流变学
粒状材料
本构方程
光学(聚焦)
机械
流量(数学)
剪切(地质)
统计物理学
地质学
经典力学
物理
岩土工程
光学
热力学
岩石学
有限元法
作者
Yoël Forterre,Olivier Pouliquen
出处
期刊:Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics
[Annual Reviews]
日期:2008-01-01
卷期号:40 (1): 1-24
被引量:876
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102142
摘要
We review flows of dense cohesionless granular materials, with a special focus on the question of constitutive equations. We first discuss the existence of a dense flow regime characterized by enduring contacts. We then emphasize that dimensional analysis strongly constrains the relation between stresses and shear rates, and show that results from experiments and simulations in different configurations support a description in terms of a frictional visco-plastic constitutive law. We then discuss the successes and limitations of this empirical rheology in light of recent alternative theoretical approaches. Finally, we briefly present depth-averaged methods developed for free surface granular flows.
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