材料科学
环氧树脂
聚磷酸铵
火焰试验
化学工程
燃烧
复合材料
膨胀的
氮气
热稳定性
三聚氰胺
作者
Haiqiang Luo,Wenhui Rao,Peng Zhao,Liang Wang,Yuanli Liu,Chuanbai Yu
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109195
摘要
In this paper, an organic/inorganic phosphorus–nitrogen–silicon flame retardant (DPHK) was synthesized by Kabachnik-Fields reaction and the sol-gel method, then it was used as a reactive flame retardant to prepare flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant epoxy resins (EP). The influence of DPHK on the flame retardancy of EP was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL-94 V) and cone calorimeter (CC) test. The results revealed that the EP containing only 3 wt% DPHK achieved UL-94 V-0 rating, and the corresponding LOI value reached 29%. Furthermore, the cone calorimeter results demonstrated that the DPHK effectively reduced the heat release rate (HRR) and total release rate (THR) of the EP. Compared with EP, the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and THR of 4%DPHK-EP reduced by 36% and 30%, respectively. More importantly, the incorporation of DPHK suppressed the release of toxic fuel (CO) and smoke of EP, meanwhile, the increased char residue and CO/CO2 ratio of the DPHK-EP samples proved that DPHK presented not only the condensed-phase activity but also gas-phase activity. Furthermore, the involved gases and char residues were studied by using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR), pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), scanning electronic microscope together with the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results certified the charring effect of the phosphaphenanthrene group and the enhancing effect of the silicon group. Subsequently, the flame inhibition effect and lesser combustible gases release enhanced the flame-retardant properties of EP.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI