Improved Sterilization Techniques for Successful In Vitro Micropropagation

Biotechnological solutions based on in vitro plant tissue culture paved the way for assessing desirable features by increasing the efficiency of in vitro regeneration methods, such as the production of a large number of high-quality plants in a short period of time. Contamination during in vitro regeneration operations, on the other hand, is one of the most serious issues that could stymie progress in this approach. Due to their rapid growth features in the media, numerous bacteria have posed a significant risk to in vitro cultures. The efficiency of the in vitro sterilization procedure has a direct impact on the establishment and maintenance of plants in in vitro cultures. The effective sterilization of biological material (e.g., initial explant) is required for successful in vitro culture initiation. A simple and effective approach to sterilizing explants employing different sterilants such as Nistatin, Flugal, Bavistin, Ridomil gold, and Mercuric chloride has been discussed in this chapter. Standardization of these methods can improve the survival and regeneration ability of large numbers of candidate explants, which is critical for enhancing the efficiency of plant tissue culture transformation systems. This chapter outlines enhanced sterilization procedures, including adequate sterilant concentrations, duration of explant exposure to various sterilants, and sequences of applying these sterilants, for effective in vitro tissue culture programs that could facilitate the large-scale micropropagation process.