Chronobiology of Exercise: Evaluating the Best Time to Exercise for Greater Cardiovascular and Metabolic Benefits

昼夜节律 医学 傍晚 时间生物学 轮班制 早晨 血压 运动生理学 黑暗疗法 内分泌学 内科学 生理学 物理 天文 精神科
作者
Leandro Campos de Brito,Thais C Marin,Luan Morais Azevêdo,Julia Rosa-Silva,Steven Shea,Saurabh S. Thosar
出处
期刊:Comprehensive Physiology 卷期号:: 3621-3639 被引量:6
标识
DOI:10.1002/cphy.c210036
摘要

Physiological function fluctuates across 24 h due to ongoing daily patterns of behaviors and environmental changes, including the sleep/wake, rest/activity, light/dark, and daily temperature cycles. The internal circadian system prepares the body for these anticipated behavioral and environmental changes, helping to orchestrate optimal cardiovascular and metabolic responses to these daily changes. In addition, circadian disruption, caused principally by exposure to artificial light at night (e.g., as occurs with night-shift work), increases the risk for both cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity and mortality. Regular exercise is a countermeasure against cardiovascular and metabolic risk, and recent findings suggest that the cardiovascular benefits on blood pressure and autonomic control are greater with evening exercise compared to morning exercise. Moreover, exercise can also reset the timing of the circadian system, which raises the possibility that appropriate timing of exercise could be used to counteract circadian disruption. This article introduces the overall functional relevance of the human circadian system and presents the evidence surrounding the concepts that the time of day that exercise is performed can modulate the cardiovascular and metabolic benefits. Further work is needed to establish exercise as a tool to appropriately reset the circadian system following circadian misalignment to preserve cardiovascular and metabolic health. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3621-3639, 2022.
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