Comparative Studies on Thermal, Microwave‐Assisted , and Ultrasound‐Promoted Preparations

In recent decades, there has been a growing emphasis on green chemistry, which focuses to describe the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of substances hazardous to human health and minimizing environmental impact. Researchers have developed innovative techniques such as microwave-assisted and ultrasound-promoted preparations to contribute to the principles of green chemistry by offering more sustainable and efficient alternatives to conventional methods. By harnessing the power of microwave and ultrasound energy, these techniques not only accelerate reaction kinetics but also substantially reduce reaction times and energy consumption, thereby minimizing the environmental footprint of chemical processes. This chapter discusses on the utilization of thermal, microwave-assisted, and Ultrasound-Promoted on the various chemicals preparation and synthesis.