Anti-adhesion biomaterials in tendon repair: application status and future prospect

The healing process after tendon injury is often accompanied by the formation of peritendinous adhesion, contributing to limb dysfunction and exerting detrimental effects on the individuals, as well as the development of society and economy. With the continuous development of material science, as well as the augmented understanding of tendon healing and the mechanism of peritendinous adhesion formation, materials employed for the fabrication of barrier membranes against peritendinous adhesion emerge in endlessly. In this paper, based on the analysis of the mechanism of adhesion formation, we first review the commonly used natural and synthetic materials, along with their corresponding fabrication strategies, in order to furnish valuable insights for the future optimization and development of anti-peritendinous adhesion barrier membranes. This paper also discusses the interaction between anti-adhesion materials and cells for ameliorating peritendinous adhesion.