Contemporary Progress on Photo-induced Green Hydrogen Evolution: Potential, Challenges, and Perspectives for the Hydrogen Energy based Economy -An Updated Review

In the present context of the global energy crisis, green hydrogen is gaining attention as a potent energy carrier. The hydrogen business has experienced a significant upsurge as a result of the worldwide trend towards decarbonization and mitigating the reckless use of fossil fuels. In this review, an outline of current trends, major barriers, and envisaged paths for future advancement of photolysis of hydrogen generation is addressed, with a special emphasis on hydrogen evolution reactions via hybrid photocatalysts that are mostly derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic framework (COF), graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), low-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, metal oxides and molecular catalytic systems. This paper also presents an in-depth present time assessment of green hydrogen economy, which implement both traditional and renewable sources of energy. Additionally, the paper ruminates on the utilization, storage, transportation and supply of hydrogen, as well as the key barriers and prospects associated with the industrial implementation of such systems.