[Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its association with lifestyle factors in adults from 10 regions of China].

Objective: To investigate the distribution of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study and evaluate the association between lifestyle risk factors and CKD. Methods: Based on the baseline survey data and follow-up data (as of December 31, 2018) of the CKB study, the differences in CKD cases' area and population distributions were described. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the association between lifestyle risk factors and the risk of CKD. Results: A total of 505 147 participants, 4 920 cases of CKD were recorded in 11.26 year follow up with a incidence rate of 83.43/100 000 person-years. Glomerulonephropathy was the most common type. The incidence of CKD was higher in the urban area, men, and the elderly aged 60 years and above (87.83/100 000 person-years, 86.37/100 000 person-years, and 132.06/100 000 person-years). Current male smokers had an increased risk for CKD compared with non-smokers or occasional smokers (HR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.05-1.31). The non-obese population was used as a control group, both general obesity determined by BMI (HR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.10-1.29) and central obesity determined by waist circumference (HR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.19-1.35) were associated with higher risk for CKD. Conclusion: The risks for CKD varied with area and population in the CKB cohort study, and the risk was influenced by multiple lifestyle factors.目的： 描述中国慢性病前瞻性研究（CKB）项目人群的慢性肾脏病（CKD）分布，分析生活方式与CKD发病风险的前瞻性关联。 方法： 数据来源于CKB基线调查及随访监测（截至2018年12月31日），描述CKD发病的地区和人群分布差异，使用Cox比例风险回归模型分析生活方式因素与CKD的关联。 结果： 研究纳入505 147名研究对象，平均随访11.26年，期间共有4 920例发病病例，发病率为83.43/10万人年，肾小球肾病为最主要亚型。CKD发病率在城市、男性、年龄≥60岁人群中更高，分别为87.83/10万人年、86.37/10万人年、132.06/10万人年。相比于从不或偶尔吸烟者，当前吸烟男性CKD风险增加（HR=1.18，95%CI：1.05~1.31）。以非肥胖人群为参照组，由BMI判定的全身性肥胖（HR=1.19，95%CI：1.10~1.29）和腰围判定的中心性肥胖（HR=1.27，95%CI：1.19~1.35）均与更高的CKD发病风险相关。 结论： CKB项目人群CKD发病率存在明显的地区和人群差异，且其发病风险受到生活方式多因素的影响。.