New Dielectric Physical Models for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

This chapter summarizes the advanced research on dielectric physical modeling of electromagnetic wave (EMW)-absorbing materials. This is mainly divided into dielectric physical modeling from a microscopic perspective, dielectric physical modeling in terms of structural design, and novel dielectric physical modeling spawned by new application scenarios. Various absorptive materials have flourished, including carbon materials, transition metal oxides/sulfides, and conductive polymers. Most of these materials belong to dielectric materials, primarily relying on conduction loss and polarization loss to attenuate incident EMWs. Microcosmic 3D hierarchical structural design has proved to be an effective strategy to obtain high-performance microwave absorbers. In practical applications of EMW technology, the need for intelligent microwave absorption materials has become more critical due to changing surroundings and situations. In both civil and military scenarios, the demand for intelligent microwave absorption (MA) materials with switchable off/on MA performance is highly desirable, as they offer greater adaptability to evolving needs.