Optimization of Rutin-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Synthesized by Single-Emulsion Solvent Evaporation Method

Bioactive rutin molecule has high-volume applications in food and pharmaceutical products. A considerable problem is its poor water solubility and low bioavailability. In this study, propylene glycol was first used as in the literature to dissolve rutin molecule while entrapping it into poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles by oil-in-water single-emulsion solvent evaporation method. The reason of using propylene glycol is to improve rutins’ low bioavailibility and to determine the optimized nanoparticles. For this reason, various encapsulation parameters were tested and their effects were analyzed. Then, NP4 (hydrodynamic particle size: 252.6 ± 2.854 nm)-optimized nanoparticle with 47% reaction yield and 81% encapsulation efficiency was determined. In vitro % cumulative releases of rutin from optimum NP4 in two different concentrations (0.5 and 1 mg/mL) were examined. NP4 with 0.5 mg/mL concentration reached 100% release on the 5th day (120 h). Optimum rutin-loaded nanoparticles are expected to be a suitable candidate for further multidisciplinary studies.