[Clinical analysis of non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis cases complicated with pulmonary aspergillosis].

Objectives To clarify the clinical features of nontuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) complicated with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA), we analyzed 257 cases diagnosed with newly developed NTM during the last 12 years in our hospital. Results Fifty-six per cent of the patients were females. Ten cases (3.9%) of them were complicated with CPA in their clinical course. Mean age at the diagnosis of CPA was 65.5 years, and 8 of 10 cases were males. The average period from the diagnosis of NTM to CPA was almost 7 years. Six NTM cases were classified as the cavitary type and 4 as the nodular-bronchiectasis type. At the time of the diagnosis of CPA, NTM bacilli were isolated in 5 cases, but in the other 5 bacilli were not detected. Radiologically it was found that in many cases the infiltrative shadow had increased and the cavity wall had thickened. Antifungal drug administration was effective in 67% of the cases. In particular, in cases with progressive infiltrative shadows, the antifungal drug was effective in 83% of patients. Discussion For the clinical management of NTM, careful attention to the complication of CPA is required.