树木年代学
仰角(弹道)
树木气候学
地中海气候
环境科学
气候变化
生产力
大气科学
自然地理学
山地生态
生态学
气候学
生物
地理
地质学
数学
几何学
宏观经济学
古生物学
经济
作者
Gianluca Piovesan,Angelo Rita,Franco Biondi,Michele Baliva,Marco Borghetti,Michele Brunetti,Giuseppe De Vivo,Alfredo Di Filippo,Anna Dinella,Tiziana Gentilesca,Maurizio Maugeri,Jordan Palli,Andrea Piotti,Emanuele Presutti Saba,Francesco Ripullone,Aldo Schettino,Giovanni G. Vendramin
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164103
摘要
We investigated the dendroclimatic response of a Pinus heldreichii metapopulation distributed over a wide elevation interval (from 882 to 2143 m a.s.l.), spanning from low mountain to upper subalpine vegetation belts in the southern Italian Apennines. The tested hypothesis is that wood growth along an elevational gradient is non-linearly related to air temperature. During three years of fieldwork (2012–2015) at 24 sites, we collected wood cores from a total of 214 pine trees with diameter at breast height from 19 to 180 cm (average 82.7 ± 32.9 cm). We used a combination of tree-ring and genetic methods to reveal factors involved in growth acclimation using a space-for-time approach. Scores from canonical correspondence analysis were used to combine individual tree-ring series into four composite chronologies related to air temperature along the elevation gradient. Overall, the June dendroclimatic response followed a bell-shaped thermal niche curve, increasing until a peak around 13–14 °C. A similarly bell-shaped response was found with previous autumn air temperature, and both dendroclimatic signals interacted with stem size and growth rates, generating a divergent growth response between the top and the bottom of the elevation gradient. Increased tree growth in the upper subalpine belt was consistent with the consequences of increasing air temperature under no drought stress. A positive link was uncovered between pine growth at all elevations and April mean temperature, with trees growing at the lowest elevations showing the strongest growth response. No elevational genetic differences were found, hence long-lived tree species with small geographical ranges may reverse their climatic response between the lower and upper bioclimatic zones of their environmental niche. Our study revealed a high resistance and acclimation capability of Mediterranean forest stands, and such low vulnerability to changing climatic conditions highlights the potential to store carbon in these ecosystems for the coming decades.
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