A novel three-layer woven fabric composite reinforced by (polyaniline + carbonyl iron) core-shell/carbonyl iron/polyaniline fillers for high-performance broadband radar absorbing structure

One of the most important applications of electromagnetic wave absorption is in stealth aircrafts and electromagnetic protection of avionic systems. The main limitations in the design of these structures are aerodynamics, thickness or weight, mechanical strength, manufacturing process, and reasonable cost. In this study, a novel three-layer woven fabric composite laminate (with a total thickness of about 3 mm) is proposed which each layer is reinforced by individual polyaniline, carbonyl iron, or (PANI + CI) core-shell fillers. The developed Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II optimization algorithm suggests the stacking sequence of layers, the appropriate thickness of each layer, and the filler weight fraction in each layer to achieve a broadband absorption. Due to using both dielectric and magnetic absorbing fillers, this structure shows well-impedance matching and approximately absorbs 80% of the X-band (8-12 GHz) electromagnetic waves. The maximum reflection loss is about −14dB. Finally, the effect of the addition of absorbent particles on the mechanical properties has been investigated. Experimental results showed that the tensile modulus and strength decrease by about 21.5% and 20.6%, respectively, and the flexural modulus and strength reduce by 21.7% and 19.7%, respectively. However, the (PANI + CI) core-shell filler can be introduced as a high performance absorber filler because it suggests maximum reflection loss with low weight fraction compared to other fillers and consequently the minimum reduction in mechanical properties.