Prediction and classification of tool wear and its state in sustainable machining of Bohler steel with different machine learning models

Machine learning has numerous advantages, especially in the rapid digitization of the manufacturing industry that combines data from manufacturing processes and quality measures. Predictive quality allows manufacturers to make informed predictions about the quality of their products by analyzing data gathered during production. The quality of the machining, the total cost and the computation time need to be improved using contemporary production processes. With this concern, a series of experiments were carried out on Bohler steel both in dry, Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) and nano-MQL conditions in varying quantities to explore the tool wear. In comparison to dry conditions, the utilization of MQL in machining processes demonstrates significantly enhanced efficacy in mitigating flank wear. The reduction in flank wear ranges from around 5% to 20% to 25%, contingent upon the application of MQL on the flank face, rake face, or both faces simultaneously. After that, the results of the tests were evaluated with the models of machine learning (ML) to determine which environment was optimal for cutting under both real and artificial circumstances.