Wheat MEDIATOR25, TaMED25, plays roles in freezing tolerance possibly through the jasmonate pathway

The MEDIATOR (MED) complex is a molecular bridge that regulates transcription by connecting transcription factors (TFs) and specific gene promoters. The MED subunit 25 (MED25) can interact with specific TFs in the phytohormone signaling pathways to regulate the transcription of downstream genes and affect various physiological processes in plants. Although MED25 plays an important role in adaptation to abiotic stresses, it is still unclear whether MED25 is involved in freezing tolerance in wheat. In this study, we found that the expression of TaMED25 was significantly increased under extremely low temperatures (–25 °C) in Dongnongdongmai1 (Dn1) plants, a variety of winter wheat with excellent cold-stress resistance,and hypothesized that TaMED25 may be a novel regulator of freezing tolerance in this wheat variety. To further characterize the function of TaMED25 in freezing tolerance, we cloned TaMED25 from Dn1 plants and overexpressed it in Arabidopsis thaliana. The results showed that the overexpression of TaMED25 improved freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis plants, with decreased relative conductivity, enhanced ability to effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increased expression of cold-responsive genes. Furthermore, we proposed that TaMED25 mediates jasmonate-induced cold resistance in plants, possibly by interacting with TaJAZ7 and TaMYC2 of the jasmonate signaling pathway and TaICE41 of the ICE–CBF–COR pathway. Our findings reveal the functions of MED25 in plants and provide a scientific basis for an in-depth analysis of the transcriptional regulation mechanism of freezing tolerance in winter wheat.