The performance of magnesium phosphate cement in negative temperature environment: A state-of-the-art review

Magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) is produced by the hydration reaction of magnesia and phosphate. And MPC is widely used in concrete repair. This paper reviews the research progress of MPC in negative temperature environment in recent years, focusing on its performance and hydration mechanism. First, the paper introduces the current state of MPC in negative temperature environment, where it boasts advantages such as rapid setting, early strength, and volume stability. Next, it was summarized the material ratios that influence MPC's performance in negative temperature environment. Usually, a small amount of lightly burned magnesia (LBM) needs to be added to increase its activity in negative temperature environment. The hydration mechanism of MPC in negative temperature environment is also discussed, highlighting that its hydration rate will slow down and intermediate products such as MgHPO4∙7H2O and Mg2KH(PO4)2∙15H2O will increase. Furthermore, the paper presents the application of MPC in various practical scenarios. Lastly, the exceptional performance of MPC in engineering and its promising prospects for future development are emphasized.