The Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII) Combined with the Creatinine-to-Cystatin C Ratio (Cre/CysC) Predicts Sarcopenia in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis Complicated with Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background Sarcopenia is a risk factor for poor cancer prognosis. Early identification and timely intervention of sarcopenia can improve patient prognosis.Methods A total of 91 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with primary hepatocellular carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the results of multivariable logistic regression analysis, a nomogram was developed. Moreover, 50 patients were enrolled for external validation. The predictive efficacy of the nomogram was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).Results According to the logistic regression analysis results, age, body mass index (BMI), creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio (Cre/CysC), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) were independent risk factors of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis complicated with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (all p < 0.05). The ABCS nomogram model was established, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.896 (84.7% sensitivity, 81.2% specificity). The calibration curve of the nomogram was close to the ideal diagonal line. The predictive efficacy of the nomogram was verified through the external validation.Conclusion The ABCS model based on SII and Cre/CysC can be used to identify high-risk sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis complicated with HCC in the early stage.