Performance degradation assessment of rolling bearings based on the comprehensive characteristic index and improved SVDD

Abstract Rolling bearing is one of the most critical parts of mechanical equipment, so the performance degradation assessment of rolling bearing is vital to ensure the normal operation of the whole mechanical equipment. Aiming at the problems that a single degradation characteristic can only contain limited performance degradation information of rolling bearings, a large number of redundant characteristics exist in the high-dimension characteristic set resulting in the inability to effectively mine the characteristic information of rolling bearings, and that traditional degradation assessment models are not suitable for the shortage of fault data during the actual operation of rolling bearings, a performance degradation assessment method of rolling bearings based on the comprehensive characteristic index and improved support vector data description (SVDD) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, to solve the parameter selection problem of variational mode decomposition (VMD), a parameter-adaptive VMD method based on salp swarm algorithm based on mixed strategy (MSSSA) is proposed. Secondly, to extract the performance degradation information of rolling bearings more comprehensively and fully, the comprehensive characteristic index is proposed. Then, a kernel locality preserving projection orthogonal kernel principal component analysis (KLPPOKPCA) method is proposed to reduce the dimensionality of the extracted multi-domain characteristic set of the rolling bearing. Finally, a support vector data description with negative samples (NSSVDD) is proposed and optimized by MSSSA to solve the problem that traditional degradation assessment models are not suitable for the shortage of fault data during the actual operation of rolling bearings and improve the detection performance of abnormal data. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately divide the performance degradation process of the rolling bearing. Moreover, the comparison with other methods further highlights the superiority of the proposed method in determining the point in time of early fault of the rolling bearing.