Modeling the Concentration Enhancement and Selectivity of Plastic Particle Transport in Sea Spray Aerosols

海上浪花 粒子(生态学) 气溶胶 选择性 环境科学 材料科学 气象学 地质学 海洋学 化学 物理 生物化学 催化作用
作者
Lena Dubitsky,Grant B. Deane,M. Dale Stokes,James Bird
出处
期刊:Journal Of Geophysical Research: Oceans [Wiley]
卷期号:129 (7)
标识
DOI:10.1029/2023jc020396
摘要

Abstract Bursting bubbles transport bacteria, viruses, and other marine particles across the air‐sea interface. This effect is enhanced when particles are hydrophobic and cling to the bubbles as they rise. Recent studies suggest that plastic particles, a major ocean pollutant, can also be transported by sea spray. However, estimates of plastic transport via this pathway have large uncertainties due to limited size detection techniques in field studies and few lab studies. An understanding of the number and size of particles carried in the smallest drops, which have the longest residence time in the atmosphere, is missing from current literature. Here, we develop a modeling framework to provide bounds on the number, area, and volume transport of non‐scavenged hydrophilic and fully‐scavenged hydrophobic particles of radii between 0.1 and 100 μm for a range of jet and film drops. For droplets containing plastic particulates, we predict particle enrichment is significantly higher in jet drops than film drops. For particles in these jet drops, our results suggest that in the absence of bubble scavenging, the number distribution is dominated by smaller plastics, the mass/volume distribution by larger plastics, and surface area distribution is balanced across plastic size. Whereas for hydrophobic particles, scavenging dramatically modifies these distributions, enhancing certain particle–droplet size combinations by over four orders of magnitude. Our predictions suggest critical effects of enrichment in air‐sea particle transport and highlight the variable dependencies on bubble and particle size, improving our theoretical understanding of plastic and marine particle transport and identifying modeling assumptions to refine with experimental measurements.
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