Sleep matters in anti-LGI1 encephalitis

Sleep disturbances are an important feature in various immune-mediated encephalitides,1 with disease-specific characteristics (eg, as in anti-IgLON5 disease or NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis).2,3 People with anti-IgLON5 disease, for example, have disease-typical change in sleep patterns with disrupted sleep initiation and strongly altered sleep stages, which are referred to as undifferentiated, non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep. Rapid-eye-movement (REM)-sleep behaviour disorders (RBDs) and sleep breathing disorders are also common in people with this immune-mediated encephalitis.