Performance enhancement of lithium-metal batteries using the three-dimensional porous network structure a metal–organic framework–aramid cellulose–MXene composite separator

Owing to the high theoretical capacity, low density, and low electrochemical reaction potential of lithium metal, it is utilised as a negative electrode material in batteries, signifying its substantial potential for next-generation energy storage systems. However, the generation of lithium-metal dendrites diminishes battery life and compromises safety, representing a significant challenge in lithium-metal battery technology. This study demonstrates that a Cu-based metal–organic framework–aramid cellulose–MXene (CuMOF–ANFs–MXene) composite separator, with its enlarged specific surface area and enhanced pore structure, helps impede the formation of lithium dendrites. Notably, the Li–Cu battery with the CuMOF–ANF–MXene separator exhibits a discharge capacity retention rate of ∼98.8% after 400 cycles at 1 mA cm−2. Furthermore, Li–Li batteries employing the same separator can maintain low hysteresis for 2000 h at this current density. These findings illustrate that the CuMOF–ANFs–MXene composite separator not only inhibits lithium dendrite formation but also increases the cycle stability and cycle life of the battery. The three-dimensional porous mesh structure of the CuMOF–ANFs–MXene separator offers a novel avenue for the practical application of lithium-metal batteries.