Limosilactobacillus reuteri RE225 alleviates gout by modulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB inflammatory pathway and the Nrf2/HO‐1 oxidative stress pathway, and by regulating gut microbiota

Abstract BACKGROUND Gout poses a significant health threat. The use of Lactobacillus from the gut microbiota is one potential remedy. However, the intricate molecular mechanisms governing the impact of Lactobacillus on gout remain largely uncharted. In this study, a strain of Limosilactobacillus reuteri RE225 was separated from the gut of mice and colitis was treated with polypeptide intervention. RESULTS Limosilactobacillus reuteri RE225 reduced foot tumefaction markedly in mice with gout and extended the pain threshold time in their feet. It also improved the health of gut microbiota. Intervention with L. reuteri RE225 also suppressed the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐ κ B and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) pathways in the mice, reduced the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines – interleukin 1 β (IL‐1 β ), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor‐ α (TNF‐ α ) – and increased the level of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL‐10), thereby mitigating inflammation. CONCLUSION This study provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive development of Limosilactobacillus reuteri and new ideas for the non‐pharmacological treatment of gout. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.