Transition From Pediatric and Adolescent HIV Care to Adult HIV Care and the Patient–Provider Relationship: A Qualitative Metasynthesis

Abstract Approximately 5 million adolescents (ages 15–24 years) living with HIV will transition to adult care in the next decade. Only half are engaged in care 12 months post-transition. This qualitative metasynthesis aimed to answer: What effect did the patient–provider relationship (PPR) have on adolescent living with HIV transition? What strategies were suggested to develop trusting relationships to promote engagement and retention in care? Primary qualitative studies from PubMed, CINAHL, and EBSCO (January 2008 to December 2019) were identified. Data were analyzed using team-based thematic synthesis techniques and international standards. Fourteen articles with 478 participants from eight countries were included. Four themes emerged: the familial nature of the PPR, stigma as a bond and barrier, the provider knowing the patient and getting to know new providers, and recommendations supporting transition. The PPR is integral. Collaborative strategies used to build new relationships will support autonomy, decrease stigma, and facilitate trust.