Aerobic composting of chicken manure with amoxicillin: Alpha diversity is closely related to lipid metabolism, and two-component systems mediating their relationship

• Amoxicillin increases species diversity, reduces species richness. • Lipid metabolism is an pivotal metabolic pathway mediating changes in α diversity. • Two component system indirectly affects α diversity by adjusting lipid metabolism. • Firmicutes is important microbial community mediating changes in α diversity. Composting is a technology that can use various functional microorganisms to degrade antibiotics. However, antibiotics will cause a coercion for the growth of most microorganisms. Microorganism can survive different environments, thanks to the development of different adaptive responses. Often, two-component systems sense changes in the environment and trigger a cellular response and adaptation. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to explore how the two-component system modulates the corresponding metabolic functions to affect alpha diversity during composting. The results show that amoxicillin increases species diversity, reduces species richness. Lipid metabolism is an important metabolic pathway mediating changes in alpha diversity. Two-component system indirectly affects alpha diversity by regulating lipid metabolism. Firmicutes are important microbial communities mediating changes in alpha diversity This work presents an understanding of the impact of environmental information processing on microbial diversity, during composting.