Changes in the axial residual stresses in AISI 1045 steel bars resulting from a combined drawing process chain

The present paper investigates the redistribution of residual stresses resulting from manufacturing steps in the production of cold-drawn AISI 1045 steel bars. The main steps in this process chain are the pre-straightening of coiled material, shot-blasting, cold-drawing, cutting, and final straightening with crossed rolls. Drawing and final straightening parameters were changed to evaluate their influence on the residual stress distributions as measured by X-ray diffraction and hole-drilling techniques after the different manufacturing steps. It was found that, depending on the manufacturing parameters, the pre-straightened material generates non-homogeneity of residual stresses which can remain even after the last manufacturing steps. The angle between the crossed rolls in the final straightening has a high influence on the homogeneity of the surface residual stresses. Both the drawing angle and the angle between the crossed rolls significantly affect the residual stress depth distribution.