Cloning of a Type I TGF-β Receptor and Its Effect on TGF-β Binding to the Type II Receptor

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) affects cellular proliferation, differentiation, and interaction with the extracellular matrix primarily through interaction with the type I and type II TGF-beta receptors. The type II receptors for TGF-beta and activin contain putative serine-threonine kinase domains. A murine serine-threonine kinase receptor, Tsk 7L, was cloned that shared a conserved extracellular domain with the type II TGF-beta receptor. Overexpression of Tsk 7L alone did not increase cell surface binding of TGF-beta, but coexpression with the type II TGF-beta receptor caused TGF-beta to bind to Tsk 7L, which had the size of the type I TGF-beta receptor. Overexpression of Tsk 7L inhibited binding of TGF-beta to the type II receptor in a dominant negative fashion. Combinatorial interactions and stoichiometric ratios between the type I and II receptors may therefore determine the extent of TGF-beta binding and the resulting biological activities.