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Feasibility of Bioengineered Tracheal and Bronchial Reconstruction Using Stented Aortic Matrices

医学 外科 肺移植 禁忌症 气道 全肺切除术 移植 内科学 病理 替代医学
作者
Emmanuel Martinod,Kader Chouahnia,Dana M. Radu,Pascal Joudiou,Y. Uzunhan,Morad Bensidhoum,Ana Maria Santos Portela,Patrice Guiraudet,Marine Peretti,M. D. Destable,Audrey Solis,Sabiha Benachi,Anne Fialaire‐Legendre,Hélène Rouard,T. Collon,J. Piquet,Sylvie Leroy,Nicolas Vénissac,Joseph Santini,C. Trésallet,Hervé Dutau,Georges Sebbane,Yves Cohen,Sadek Béloucif,Alexandre C. d’Audiffret,Hervé Petite,Dominique Valeyre,Alain Carpentier,Éric Vicaut
出处
期刊:JAMA [American Medical Association]
卷期号:319 (21): 2212-2212 被引量:103
标识
DOI:10.1001/jama.2018.4653
摘要

Importance

Airway transplantation could be an option for patients with proximal lung tumor or with end-stage tracheobronchial disease. New methods for airway transplantation remain highly controversial.

Objective

To establish the feasibility of airway bioengineering using a technique based on the implantation of stented aortic matrices.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Uncontrolled single-center cohort study including 20 patients with end-stage tracheal lesions or with proximal lung tumors requiring a pneumonectomy. The study was conducted in Paris, France, from October 2009 through February 2017; final follow-up for all patients occurred on November 2, 2017.

Exposures

Radical resection of the lesions was performed using standard surgical techniques. After resection, airway reconstruction was performed using a human cryopreserved (−80°C) aortic allograft, which was not matched by the ABO and leukocyte antigen systems. To prevent airway collapse, a custom-made stent was inserted into the allograft. In patients with proximal lung tumors, the lung-sparing intervention of bronchial transplantation was used.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was 90-day mortality. The secondary outcome was 90-day morbidity.

Results

Twenty patients were included in the study (mean age, 54.9 years; age range, 24-79 years; 13 men [65%]). Thirteen patients underwent tracheal (n = 5), bronchial (n = 7), or carinal (n = 1) transplantation. Airway transplantation was not performed in 7 patients for the following reasons: medical contraindication (n = 1), unavoidable pneumonectomy (n = 1), exploratory thoracotomy only (n = 2), and a lobectomy or bilobectomy was possible (n = 3). Among the 20 patients initially included, the overall 90-day mortality rate was 5% (1 patient underwent a carinal transplantation and died). No mortality at 90 days was observed among patients who underwent tracheal or bronchial reconstruction. Among the 13 patients who underwent airway transplantation, major 90-day morbidity events occurred in 4 (30.8%) and included laryngeal edema, acute lung edema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and atrial fibrillation. There was no adverse event directly related to the surgical technique. Stent removal was performed at a postoperative mean of 18.2 months. At a median follow-up of 3 years 11 months, 10 of the 13 patients (76.9%) were alive. Of these 10 patients, 8 (80%) breathed normally through newly formed airways after stent removal. Regeneration of epithelium and de novo generation of cartilage were observed within aortic matrices from recipient cells.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this uncontrolled study, airway bioengineering using stented aortic matrices demonstrated feasibility for complex tracheal and bronchial reconstruction. Further research is needed to assess efficacy and safety.

Trial Registration

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT01331863
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