生物
微生物群
遗传学
基因
适应(眼睛)
寄主(生物学)
人体微生物群
表型
复制
基因组
基因组
计算生物学
进化生物学
数学
统计
神经科学
作者
David Zeevi,Tal Korem,Anastasia Godneva,Noam Bar,Alexander Kurilshikov,Maya Lotan‐Pompan,Adina Weinberger,Jingyuan Fu,Cisca Wijmenga,Alexandra Zhernakova,Eran Segal
出处
期刊:Nature
[Springer Nature]
日期:2019-03-27
卷期号:568 (7750): 43-48
被引量:284
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41586-019-1065-y
摘要
Differences in the presence of even a few genes between otherwise identical bacterial strains may result in critical phenotypic differences. Here we systematically identify microbial genomic structural variants (SVs) and find them to be prevalent in the human gut microbiome across phyla and to replicate in different cohorts. SVs are enriched for CRISPR-associated and antibiotic-producing functions and depleted from housekeeping genes, suggesting that they have a role in microbial adaptation. We find multiple associations between SVs and host disease risk factors, many of which replicate in an independent cohort. Exploring genes that are clustered in the same SV, we uncover several possible mechanistic links between the microbiome and its host, including a region in Anaerostipes hadrus that encodes a composite inositol catabolism-butyrate biosynthesis pathway, the presence of which is associated with lower host metabolic disease risk. Overall, our results uncover a nascent layer of variability in the microbiome that is associated with microbial adaptation and host health. The authors systematically characterize structural variation in the genomes of gut microbiota and show that they are associated with bacterial fitness and with host risk factors, and that examining genes coded in these regions facilitates investigation of mechanisms that may underlie these associations.
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