[Analysis of adenovirus infection in acute respiratory tract infection cases in Shanghai from 2015 to 2019].

Objective: To study the epidemiological characteristics and mixed infection of adenovirus in acute respiratory tract infections in Shanghai from 2015 to 2019, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of adenovirus. Methods: Acute respiratory tract infections were collected from 3 hospitals in Shanghai from 2015 to 2019. Relevant information was registered and respiratory specimens were sampled for detection of respiratory pathogens by multiplex PCR. Results: A total of 1 543 cases of acute respiratory tract infection were included. The positive rate of adenovirus was 2.92%(45/1 543), the positive rates of influenza like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) were 2.74%(29/1 058) and 3.30%(16/485), respectively. The positive rate of ILI during January-May 2019 was 5.43%(7/129), higher than that in the same period of 2015- 2018 (0.52%-4.48%) (Fisher's exact test value=8.92, P=0.036). The incidence of adenovirus-positive cases was mainly distributed in the first and second quarters, accounting for 62.22% (28/45). The difference of the incidence of adenovirus-positive cases in each quarter was significant (χ(2)= 12.52, P=0.006). The positive rate in the second quarter was highest (6.03%), which was higher than that in other quarters (1.89%-2.93%). There were significant differences among different age groups (χ(2)=16.94, P=0.001), and the positive rate decreased with age (χ(2)=10.16, P=0.001). The positive rate of 13-19 years old group (9.43%) was higher than that of other age groups (1.48%-4.81%). The positive rate of student group (12.07%) was higher than that of other occupations (2.61%). The difference was systematic (χ(2)=11.53, P=0.001). Mixed infection accounted for 31.11% (14/45) of 45 adenovirus positive cases. The mixed infection rates of ILI and SARI were 34.48% (10/29) and 25.00% (4/16), respectively. Among 14 cases of mixed infection, the main mixed infection pathogens of adenovirus were influenza A virus and coronavirus. Conclusion: Adenovirus surveillance should be further strengthened in adolescents with a focus on students and other key groups in the second quarter.目的： 研究2015-2019年上海地区急性呼吸道感染病例中腺病毒感染的流行病学特征和混合感染情况，为腺病毒的防控提供科学依据。 方法： 收集2015-2019年上海地区3家医院内的急性呼吸道感染病例，对纳入病例进行相关信息登记和采样，进行呼吸道病原体的多重PCR检测。 结果： 共纳入1 543例急性呼吸道感染病例，腺病毒阳性率2.92%（45/1 543），流感样病例（ILI）和严重急性呼吸道感染病例（SARI）中的阳性率分别为2.74%（29/1 058）和3.30%（16/485）。ILI在2019年1-5月的阳性率5.43%（7/129）高于2015-2018年同期的0.52%~4.48%（Fisher精确检验值=8.92，P=0.036）。45例腺病毒阳性病例的发病时间主要分布在第一、二季度，合计占62.22%（28/45），各季度发病阳性率的差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=12.52，P=0.006），以第二季度的阳性率最高（6.03%），高于其他季度的1.89%~2.93%。各年龄组间差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=16.94，P=0.001），且随着年龄的增加阳性率有降低的趋势（χ(2)=10.16，P=0.001），13~19岁组的阳性率（9.43%）高于其他年龄组（1.48%~4.81%）；学生组阳性率（12.07%）高于其他职业（2.61%），差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=11.53，P=0.001）。45例腺病毒阳性病例中混合感染占31.11%（14/45）。ILI和SARI的混合感染率分别为34.48%（10/29）和25.00%（4/16），14例混合感染病例中，腺病毒的主要混合感染病原是甲型流感病毒和冠状病毒。 结论： 上海地区急性呼吸道感染病例中存在一定比例的阳性病例，需进一步加强青少年人群中的腺病毒监测，重点是关注第二季度的学生等重点人群。.