材料科学
阳极
电池(电)
阴极
三元运算
电化学
碱金属
化学工程
合金
钾离子电池
离子
容量损失
无机化学
电极
复合材料
热力学
磷酸钒锂电池
物理化学
化学
有机化学
工程类
物理
功率(物理)
程序设计语言
计算机科学
作者
Xuelin Guo,Yu Ding,Hongcai Gao,John B. Goodenough,Guihua Yu
标识
DOI:10.1002/adma.202000316
摘要
Abstract The dendrite‐free sodium–potassium (Na–K) liquid alloy composed of two alkali metals is one of the ideal alternatives for Li metal as an anode material while maintaining large capacity, low potential, and high abundance. However, Na‐ or K‐ion batteries have limited cathode materials that can deliver stably large capacity. Combining advantages of both, a hybrid‐cation liquid metal battery is designed for a Li‐ion‐insertion‐based cathode to deliver stable high capacity using a Na–K liquid anode to avoid dendrites. The mechanical property of the Na–K alloy is confirmed by simulation and experimental characterization, which leads to stable cycling performance. The charge carrier selection principle in this ternary hybrid‐cation system is investigated, showing consistency with the proposed interfacial layer formation and ion distribution mechanism for the electrochemical process as well as the good stability. With Li ions contributing stable cycling as the cathode charge carrier, the K ion working as charge carrier on the anode, and Na as the medium to liquefy K metal, such a ternary hybrid battery system not only inherits the rich battery chemistry of Li‐insertion cathodes but also broadens the understanding of alkali metal alloys and hybrid‐ion battery chemistry.
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