Level Set, Phase-Field, and Immersed Boundary Methods for Two-Phase Fluid Flows

In this paper, we review and compare the level set, phase-field, and immersed boundary methods for incompressible two-phase flows. The models are based on modified Navier–Stokes and interface evolution equations. We present the basic concepts behind these approaches and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method. We also present numerical solutions of the three methods and perform characteristic numerical experiments for two-phase fluid flows.